Solo Female Travel in Iran: how to travel to Iran as a woman

This post is all about travelling to Iran as a woman. Is solo female travel in Iran safe? What should I wear as a woman travelling to Iran? What else should I know before I go.

Traveling to Iran as a woman is perfectly safe, but does require some preparation. This post with tips and advice is based on my own experience traveling in Iran as a solo female traveler. I travelled for one month throughout the country including some off the beaten path destinations using public transport.

From the cherry blossoms in the Alamut valley, to the green hills of Iranian Kurdistan, the stepped village of Masuleh, the Grand bazaar in Tehran, traditional houses in Kashan, the desert in Yazd and the beautiful cities of Shiraz,  Isfahan, Tabriz and Qazvin. I even visited religious Qom.

The truth about travelling to Iran as a woman

After my visit to Iran one of the most frequent questions I got is whether it was safe for me to travel to Iran as a woman. My short answer would be yes and i would recommend Iran to anyone considering it.

Iran is one of the safest countries in the Middle east and Iranians are among the friendliest people I have met in my travel history

However, that said I wished there were some things I knew before as a solo female traveller in Iran. The internet seems to go from the extreme positive, claiming there are no problems at all, to the extreme negative, thinking any women must be mad for even thinking about it.

Neither advice is very useful if you plan your travels to Iran as a woman. Solo female travel in Iran is a great experience, but it requires some homework before you go. The following advice for women travelling to Iran will prepare you for your trip, whether you travel alone, with friends or with your partner.

1. What to wear as a woman travelling to Iran

What is the hijab?

Iran is one of the few countries in the world where the hijab is mandatory. Hijab basically means to adhere to the Islamic dress code and in practice there is quite some flexibility in the interpretation of what this entails.

So what does this mean for woman traveling to Iran and what should you wear? Iranian law stipulates that women should cover their hair, legs and arms. I personally haven’t seen the morality police, but I heard they are still around.

At the one hand, they will not give tourists a hard time, but on the other hand it is better to be on the safe side, especially if it comes to prevent sexual harrasment that I will discuss later.

Locals will often help you and approach you in a friendly way if your dress code is not what it should be, for example if your headscarf is not covering your chest enough.

What is a chador?

So what do women in Iran wear? Here are some useful terms that you may hear or see when you are traveling in Iran as a woman.

The chador is an Iranian invention and consists of a full body length fabric (often black) tossed over the women’s head that only leaves the face open.

A chador is not mandatory in Iran. At certain shrines and mosques you must wear them, but then they are provided to you as a lot of Iranian women themselves do not use a chador throughout the day.

Wearing a chador requires some practice and it looks easier than it is. Luckily, they will forgive you as a tourist for your clumsy fight with all the fabric and gravity pulling it down.

What is the niqab?

The niqab is the Arabian dress that consists of a black cloak leaving only the eyes open. This is not at all mandatory in Iran and is in fact extremely rare. I have not seen anyone in Iran wearing the niqab.

On the contrary, most women in Iran are very creative with the enforced dress code and continuosly look for the boundaries of what is allowed.

The hijab in practice

The young women know how to dress well and look surprisingly sexy. The mandatory manteau, a jacket that falls to the knees and covers your butt has become a true fashion accesoire, just like the head scarves that are draped to reveal as much hair as is allowed. Jeans or leggings can be as tight as possible. Layers of make-up applied to perfection provide the finishing touch.

And then, under all this, you’d expect some fancy high heel sandals, but no, what you will find are a pair of sporty sneakers. Honestly, this aspect of Iranian fashion remained a mystery to me.

Anyways, I felt pretty underdressed in my oversized backpackers clothes that i brought with me. Except for my comfy sneakers maybe. Below are some tips for you as a woman travelling to Iran

Dress code for women travelling to Iran

1. Buy one shawl that you can use as a headscarf in a colour that can fit with most of your clothes. Iran is a great place to buy them.

My suggestion is to bring one for when you arrive and do some shopping along the way. The headscarf can and should also be used to cover part of your chest.

2. Long sleeves and long pants are the way to go. It doesn’t need to be baggy as long as it does not reveal too much of your bottom.

Your upper dress should preferably come all the way to your knees so tunics are perfect to bring along. You can also buy a manteau when you are in Iran.

3. Opt for darker colours. Bright colours are still rare and limited to the more liberal cities. However, it doesn’t need to be all black either.

2. Solo female travel in Iran is rare

Most women in Iran rarely go out on their own, let alone travel to foreign countries. Preferably they go with their husbands, fathers or brothers, but at least with friends or family. For iranians going together is just much more fun. Iranian’s favourite pasttime is going for a picknick with the entire family. The more, the merrier.

People will be curious why you are travelling alone. Iranians are polite, but they find it strange and they might pity you. This poor girl, all alone, no family, no friends. In the worst case people might be suspicious and think there must be something wrong.

This can result in families adopting you or people judging your behavior and approaching you with a mix of curiosity and condescension. One of the first Farsi words I learned was tanha (alone), because people kept repeating it to me in complete surprise.

Whatever people will think of you they always remain friendly and helpful and have good intentions. Don’t be surprised if they invite you to one of the picknick parties you come across.

3. Sexual harassment in Iran

It is likely that during your trip you will be faced with sexual harassment at some point. Most men in Iran will treat you with respect, but some see the lone white female as an opportunity.

The fact that women in Iran rarely travel alone combined with the stereotype perpetuated by the media that Western woman are more loose motivates some men to give it at least a try.

Luckily I never had an outright negative experience, except for some indecent proposals that were quite direct and easily rejected.

One guy on the street asked me if I wanted to sleep with him that night. I told him no to which he replied. Ok, no problem, welcome to Iran anyways, have a good time in my country.

Unfortunately I read stories of other solo female travellers in Iran that had more troublesome experiences. My advice below are some guidelines that I actually follow in most countries when i travel alone as a woman.

Tips to prevent sexual harassment in Iran

1. Try to avoid walking alone at night. I always make sure that I am back in my hostel once it is dark, unless I am with other people that I can trust or I am absolutely sure it is a safe neighbourhood where there would still be other people out and about as well.

This includes planning your travels in a way that you don’t arrive in a new place after dark. If you do happen to find yourself arriving somewhere at night, try to group with other travellers or ask locals to help you get a taxi.

2. Dress modestly. Following the dress code in Iran is not only mandatory, but will also help in preventing sexual harassment. Wearing clothes that are too tight or reveal too much flesh might for some men confirm the stereotypes about western women.

Iranian women might be constantly looking for the boundaries of what is allowed, but as a foreign women travelling to Iran it is better to be safe than sorry.

3. Don’t accept invitations of single men. Iran’s hospitality is central to Iranian culture in the concept of taarouf. You will get constant invitations to people’s homes and you will even find people refusing your payment for their services.

Part of taarouf is also that is is unpolite to immediately accept all these offers. Most taxi drivers do expect you to pay eventually, but the overload of hospitality is more tricky. For a foreigner it is hard to distinguish between the genuine invitation or politeness.

No matter how friendly, be on your guard when a single men invites you to his home. It is not appropriate in Iranian culture for men to invite a single lady and your acceptation might confirm his thoughts that western woman are in for more.

4. Do not go with a man alone to secluded areas. They might want to show you their shop or guide you to show you something special. It is better to stay around other people and politely decline.

5. Stay friendly, but keep a distance in your interaction with man. Being too friendly can be misinterpreted and can result in uncomfortable situations. Rather than giving a handshake for example, it is better to place your hand over your heart.

Also don’t be offended if a man does not shake your hand. It is in fact, a sign of respect in Iranian culture and he might greet you as well by placing his hand over his heart.

6. Use your instinct. If it doesn’t feel right it probably isn’t. If you don’t like a situation then be polite, but firm. Let the person know that his attention is unwanted and the situation makes you uncomfortable.

7. Ask for help, preferably from other women. If you feel a man is following you or keeps harassing you, don’t hesitate to ask for help from people around you. Often this will scare the person away.

4. Iran’s gender segregation in public

Gender segregation still dominates public life in Iran, but don’t be fooled by the seemingly conservative behaviour in public.

Iranians are experts in bending the rules and doing what they want while appearing to follow them. Iranian’s inventiveness and creative solutions to the restrictions put upon them kept surprising me.

Iran’s public gender segregation comes along with a complex set of unwritten rules that are hard to decipher as a foreign women travelling in Iran. Here are some that I figured out

The complex rules on gender segregation

1. In city buses the back is for women, but you need to pay in the front. You can get in the back and give the money to one of the men that will pay for you or enter in the front to pay and then climb under the barrier to the women’s section.

In practice I saw some women just walk to the back of the mens section and stand or sit near the barrier, especially when the womens section was more crowded.

2. In long distance buses men and women that are unrelated to each other can not sit next to each other. As buses fill up the puzzle gets more complex and results in a lot of shuffling around, untill the last seat is left. This can only be filled by someone of the same gender. At the next stop the game begins again.

3. The metro has its own women carriages. This is the place where women also sell female products from sexy lingerie to sanitary pads, which kind of makes me wonder what they sell in the men’s carriages.

4. Tea houses are mostly reserved for men. Solo female travellers entering them are frowned upon. This is a pity as they also serve some of the best dizi.

Luckily, some of the more luxury tea houses in the more touristic places like Esfahan, Shiraz and Yazd also serve to families and are women friendly. If you see only men in a restaurant or cafe, better to look further for a place with families.

5. Mosques and shrines have a women’s entrance where they will give you a chador to wear. Often these are white with a flower pattern and you need to give them back when you leave.

5. In shared taxi’s, called savari’s all these rules dont seem to apply and women and men that have never met before almost sit on top of each other in an effort to put as much people as possible inside.

5. The biggest danger in Iran is crossing the road

As a woman travelling to Iran it might surprise you to hear that the morality police or sexual harassment is in fact not the biggest danger you will face, neither is terrorism or islamic fundamentalists.

Iran has the highest number of road accidents in the world. The scariest thing I have done in Iran was crossing the road in Tehran and other big cities. The ongoing stream of cars look like an impossible hurdle.

Again, people are friendly. Look out for others trying to cross the road and they will help you out for sure.

6. Solo female travel in Iran is rewarding

Let me end with a positive note that solo female travel in Iran was a memorable experience. Like I said before, use your instinct, and that works the other way around as well.

Not all men in Iran are sexual predators. If something feels good and trustworthy it might as well be.

Do take up some of the invitations if they are genuine and they come from families or young couples. Which brings me to my last advice. Bring some pictures from your family to show to people. They will be curious about it and it will give you something to keep the conversation going.

Also bring some small gifts from your homecountry, like key chains or postcards, to hand out to those that help you along the way or invite you into their homes.

The men below gave me one of the best cookies I ever had in my life. Maybe the biggest danger in travelling alone to Iran is gaining weight from all the delicious food that people will share with you. Read more about Iran’s cuisine in my Persian food guide.

7. Iran should be on your bucketlist

The food, the people, the beautiful architecture, the mountains. Do you need more reasons for travelling to Iran as a woman? Read some of my posts on Iran’s beautiful cities such as Isfahan, Shiraz, Yazd, Tabriz and Qazvin. If you love nature you can check my posts on Masuleh, Alamut valley or Iran’s Kurdistan.

8. Solo Female travel in Iran is safe

Once more I want to conclude and emphasize that solo female travel in Iran is safe, if you do your homework. And if your still not convinced that travelling to Iran as a woman is not dangerous, read some other experiences of solo female travellers in Iran at Heart my backpack, Probe Around the Globe, Kami and the rest of the world and The Globetrotting Detective.

If you speak german, the books of Bruni Prasske are also a good read for solo female travellers that plan to go to Iran.

Update 2023: A wave of protests erupted throughout Iran in 2022 and 2023. Although this is not a reason to avoid Iran, it is good to know that these protests can become violent. Due to the political situation, it is even more important to be aware of your surroundings. Avoid political demonstrations, expressing strong political opinions and respect the local rules of law. As a foreigner it is better to be safe than sorry. 

Planning solo female travel in Iran

While I arranged everything on the spot I can understand if you would like to plan things ahead of your trip. especially if you are travelling as a woman to Iran. Unfortunately, because of the sanctions most regular sites like booking and Airbnb can not book things in Iran.

1stQuest are one of the few companies where you can plan most of your trip to Iran beforehand. They can book hotels online, arrange airport pick ups, domestic flight tickets and bus tickets.

For a list of solo female travel approved hostels I can recommend my post with the best hostels in Iran.

Disclaimer: This post about solo female travel in Iran contains affiliate links. If you buy any service through any of my links, I will get a small commission at no extra cost to you. These earnings help me to keep Backpack Adventures alive! Thanks for your support!